The CGPJ and Artificial Intelligence
The General Council of the Judiciary (CGPJ) has established a framework of principles for AI use in Spanish justice, aligned with the European Ethical Charter on the Use of AI in Judicial Systems (CEPEJ, 2018).
Fundamental Principles (CEPEJ)
- Respect for fundamental rights: AI cannot undermine procedural guarantees
- Non-discrimination: active bias prevention
- Quality and security: verified data and models
- Transparency: citizens must know when AI is used
- User control: the judge maintains final control
CGPJ Position
The CGPJ has published several key documents:
- Generative AI usage guide (2024): allows its use as a support tool, never as a substitute for human judgment
- Digital transformation plan: includes AI as a strategic axis
- Mandatory training: AI training programs for judges and magistrates
Red Lines
- AI cannot issue sentences or rulings
- AI cannot substitute evidence evaluation
- AI cannot be used without the parties' knowledge
- The judge must always be able to explain their decision without depending on AI
Permitted and Recommended Uses
- Case law search and analysis
- Summaries of voluminous case files
- Detection of similar cases
- Compensation calculation (indicative)
- Schedule and hearing management